Certified Diabetes Care and Education Specialist (CDCES) Practice Exam

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Which medication may interact with glipizide and increase the risk of hypoglycemia?

  1. Corticosteroids

  2. Protease inhibitors

  3. Estrogen products

  4. Sulfonamides

The correct answer is: Sulfonamides

The correct answer is sulfonamides. Glipizide is an oral hypoglycemic agent that belongs to the sulfonylurea class of medications. Sulfonamides can enhance the hypoglycemic effect of glipizide, leading to an increased risk of low blood sugar (hypoglycemia). This interaction occurs because sulfonamides may displace glipizide from its protein-binding sites or enhance the secretion of insulin, both of which can intensify the glucose-lowering effects of glipizide. Corticosteroids, while they can have an impact on blood sugar levels by raising them, do not typically enhance the effects of glipizide. Protease inhibitors may cause hyperglycemia as well, and estrogen products can have various effects but are generally not known to increase the risk of hypoglycemia in conjunction with glipizide. Understanding these interactions is crucial for effectively managing blood sugar levels and preventing complications in patients using these medications.